Tecnologia e inovação na formação profissional: uma análise crítica / Tecnología e innovación en la formación profesional: un análisis crítico / Technology and innovation in professional education: a critical analysis

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar os efeitos psicossociais que as áreas de tecnologia e inovação ganharam na atualidade bem como seus impactos na formação profissional. Para tanto, a pesquisa conta com um breve resgate histórico no qual apresentamos como os elementos da inovação tecnológica produzem efeitos locais e históricos que se tornam norteadores da vida urbana contemporânea. A parte empírica apresenta um estudo qualitativo descritivo que conta com depoimentos de cinco docentes engenheiros que atuam em uma universidade pública federal localizada no interior do estado do Paraná. Os resultados demonstram que essa área é conectada às prescrições voltadas ao desempenho laboral e ao enaltecimento do uso da tecnologia no cotidiano. Com isso, ela fica distante de uma análise crítica sobre os efeitos psicossociais trazidos por tais aplicações, especialmente no que se refere à colocação profissional. Como conclusão parcial, destaca-se que as práticas voltadas para a tecnologia e a inovação atendem a demandas populacionais, empresariais e governamentais de diferentes tipos, reafirmando sua importância para a organização social. Ao mesmo tempo, tornou-se evidente o quanto a área carece de uma análise crítica acerca de suas ações na esfera da inclusão e exclusão sociais.

El objetivo de este estudio consiste en analizar los efectos psicosociales que las áreas de tecnología e innovación ganaron en la actualidad, así como sus impactos en la formación profesional. Para tanto, la investigación cuenta con un breve rescate histórico en el cual presentamos como los elementos de la innovación tecnológica producen efectos locales e históricos que se vuelvan orientadores de la vida urbana contemporánea. La parte empírica presenta un estudio cualitativo descriptivo que cuenta con testimonios de cinco docentes ingenieros que actúan en una universidad pública federal localizada en el interior del estado de Paraná. Los resultados apuntan que esa área es conectada a las prescripciones volcadas al desempeño laboral y al reconocimiento del uso de la tecnología en el cotidiano. Con eso, ella se queda distante de un análisis crítico sobre los efectos psicosociales traídos por tales aplicaciones, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la colocación profesional. Como conclusión parcial, se pone de relieve que las prácticas volcadas a la tecnología y la innovación atenden a las demandas de populaciones, empresariales y gubernamentales de distintos tipos, reafirmando su importancia para a organización social. A la vez, se volvió evidente lo cuanto el área necesita de un análisis crítico acerca de sus acciones en la esfera de la inclusión y exclusión sociales.

This study aims to analyze the psychosocial effects gained by technology and innovation areas nowadays, as well as their impacts on professional education. To this end, this research includes a brief historical overview in which we present how elements of technological innovation produce local and historical effects that guide contemporary urban life. The empirical section presents a descriptive qualitative study that includes statements from five engineering professors who work at a public university located in the interior of the state of Paraná, Brazil. The results indicate that engineering is connected to prescriptions focused on work performance and the endorsement of technology use in daily life. Thus, it remains distant from a critical analysis of the psychosocial effects brought about by technological innovations, particularly concerning job placement. As a partial conclusion, we highlight that practices related to technology and innovation meet the demands of different types of populations, companies, and governments, reinforcing their relevance for social organization. At the same time, it is evident that the area lacks a critical analysis regarding its actions in the sphere of social inclusion and exclusion.

Utilidad de la tecnología CAD/CAM en la fabricación de prótesis dentales

La tecnología CAD/CAM es una forma innovadora relacionada con la implementación de técnicas digitales para mejorar las restauraciones prostéticas en un paciente, entre ellas, las destinadas a la estética dental. El presente estudio tiene el objetivo de describir la utilidad de la tecnología CAD/CAM en la fabricación de prótesis dentales. Para ello se realizó una revisión de la literatura médica disponible en las bases de datos PubMed/Medline, Scopus y SciELO, mediante fórmulas de búsqueda avanzada; se seleccionaron artículos en idioma español e inglés. En la actualidad, con esta tecnología se ha logrado combinar estética, resistencia y precisión en la restauración directa, además de garantizarse una mayor duración y años de funcionalidad para cada una de las prótesis, coronas e implantes. La calidad de vida y satisfacción referidas por los pacientes portadores de piezas producidas con esta tecnología, es superior a las manifestadas por aquellos tratados con piezas de fabricación tradicional. El uso de técnicas de inteligencia artificial y biomateriales representará un cambio cualitativo y cuantitativo en el uso de los sistemas CAD/CAM.

CAD/CAM technology is an innovative way related to the implementation of digital techniques to improve prosthetic restorations in a patient, including those intended for dental aesthetics. The objective of this study is to describe the usefulness of CAD/CAM technology in the dental prostheses manufacture. A review of the medical literature available in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus and SciELO databases was carried out, using advanced search formulas; Articles in Spanish and English were selected. Currently, with this technology it has been possible to combine aesthetics, resistance and precision in direct restoration, in addition to guaranteeing greater duration and years of functionality for each of the prostheses, crowns and implants. The quality of life and satisfaction reported by patients wearing parts produced with this technology is higher than those reported by those treated with traditionally manufactured parts. The use of artificial intelligence and biomaterials techniques will represent a qualitative and quantitative change in the use of CAD/CAM systems.

Rentabilidad contable y EVA de la empresa colombiana constructora de otras obras de ingeniería civil

El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar la rentabilidad contable y el valor económico agregado de la constructora colombiana de otras obras de ingeniería civil en el período 2016-2021, mediante un método de análisis estático y de tendencias de indicadores contables y de gestión de valor Se encuentra que las ventas, activos y utilidad neta de la constructora fluctúan; logra rentabilidades sobre el patrimonio en cuatro años y en promedio, donde sobresale la eficacia en el control de costos y gastos como factor determinante en su comportamiento. No obstante, esta rentabilidad es menor que la constructora de mayores ventas en Colombia y aún más baja que la de su homóloga en países emergentes. Pese a las rentabilidades contables positivas de la constructora colombiana de otras obras de ingeniería civil, esta destruye valor económico agregado en cinco años y el valor de mercado agregado en el sexenio es negativo. Este resultado difiere al de la constructora afín en economías emergentes que crea valor económico agregado en cuatro años y el valor de mercado agregado es positivo en el sexenio. CLASIFICACIÓN JEL G30, L74, M4I

The objective of the research is to evaluate the accounting profitability and added economic value of the Colombian construction company of other civil engineering works in the period 2016-2021, through a method of static analysis and trends of accounting indicators and value management. The construction company's sales, assets, and net income are found to fluctuate; It achieves returns on equity in four years and on average, where efficiency in cost and expense control stands out as a determining factor in its behavior However this profitability is lower than that of the construction company with the highest sales in Colombia and even lower than that of its counterpart in emerging countries. Despite the positive accounting returns of the Colombian construction company of other civil engineering works, it destroys added economic value in five years and the added market value in the six years is negative. This result differs from that of the similar construction company in emerging economies, which creates added economic value in four years and the added market value is positive in six years. JEL CLASSIFICATION G30, L74, M4I

O objetivo da pesquisa é avaliar a rentabilidade contabilística e o valor econômico agregado da construtora colombiana de outras obras de engenharia civil no período 2016-2021, através de um método de análise estática e tendências de indicadores contábeis e gestão de valor. As vendas, os ativos e o lucro líquido da construtora flutuam; Obtém rentabilidade sobre o patrimônio em quatro anos e em média, onde a eficiencia no controle de custos e despesas se destaca como fator determinante em seu comportamento. No entanto, essa rentabilidade é inferior à da construtora com maior faturamento na Colômbia e ainda inferior à de sua congênere nos países emergentes. Apesar dos retornos contábeis positivos da construtora colombiana de outras obras de engenharia civil, ela destrói valor econômico agregado em cinco anos e o valor agregado de mercado em seis anos é negativo. Esse resultado difere do da construtora similar nas economias emergentes, que cria valor econômico agregado em quatro anos e o valor agregado de mercado é positivo em seis anos. CLASSIFICAÇÃO JEL G30, L74, M41

Evaluación de la dinámica de impregnación al vacío de cogollos de palma de iraca

Aunque los cogollos de la palma de iraca pueden ser empleados como fuente para la alimentación humana, la mayoría de la información disponible es para la producción de artesanías. Se evaluó la respuesta a la impregnación al vacío (IV) de cogollos frescos de palma de iraca (CFPI), con una solución isotónica de NaCl (0,6 %). Se utilizó la metodología de superficie de respuesta, con un diseño central compuesto ((=1), considerando las siguientes variables independientes: el diámetro de los cogollos (10-15 mm), el tiempo en la etapa de vacío T1 (3-5 minutos) a presión de vacío (4.1 kPa) y el tiempo en la etapa a presión atmosférica local (85,32 kPa), T2 (3-5 min). Las variables dependientes que se tomaron en cuenta fueron fracción volumétrica de impregnación en la etapa de vacío (X1), deformación volumétrica final (g), fracción volumétrica final (X) y porosidad eficaz (Ee). La dinámica de la IV del CFPI identificó que el proceso comporta una expansión volumétrica en la matriz, la cual, finalmente, contribuye a la transferencia de masa del líquido isotónico al interior de la estructura. La microestructura porosa del CFPI es compatible con el proceso de IV, permitiendo los siguientes parámetros de impregnación: g1 (0,451%), X1 (11,457%), g (2,569%), X (17,386%) y Ee (17,036%). La respuesta a la IV en los CFPI identifica a esta matriz alimentaria como adecuada, para la incorporación de componentes fisiológicamente activos.

Although the buds of the iraca palm could be employed as a source of human food, most of the information available is to produce handicrafts. The response to vacuum impregnation (VI) was evaluated in fresh iraca palm buds (FIPB) with an isotonic NaCl solution (0.6 %). The response surface methodology was obtained, with a central compound design (a= 1), considering the following independent variables: The diameter of the buds (10-15 mm), the time in the vacuum stage T1 (3-5 minutes) at vacuum pressure (4.1 kPa) and the time in the stage at local atmospheric pressure (85.32 kPa), T2 (3-5 min). The dependent variables considered were the volumetric fraction of impregnation in the vacuum stage (X1), the final volumetric deformation (g), the final volumetric fraction (X), and the effective porosity (Ee). FIPB VI dynamics identified that the process involves a volumetric expansion in the matrix, which ultimately contributes to the mass transfer of the isotonic liquid into the structure. The porous microstructure of the FIPB is compatible with the VI process, allowing the following impregnation parameters: g1 (0.451 %), X1 (11.457 %), g (2.569 %), X (17.386%), and Ee (17.036 %). The response to VI in FIPB identifies this food matrix as suitable for the incorporation of physiologically active components.

Trayectorias de la enseñanza de las matemáticas en ingeniería: entornos colombiano y norteamericano

RE S U M E N Este texto presenta una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos, tipo scoping review, sobre educación matemática en programas de ingeniería, en los entornos colombiano y norteamericano, durante el periodo 2000 - 2020. La exploración, surgida del proyecto de investigación "Fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos de la enseñanza de la matemática en ingeniería", siguió los protocolos del Instituto Joanna Briggs y consideró literatura especializada incluida en Scopus y Publindex. La información, clasificada como "experiencia pedagógica", "reflexión" o "revisión", permitió describir tendencias de investigación y acción respecto a la enseñanza, el aprendizaje, el currículo y la evaluación de las matemáticas en ingeniería. Los resultados permitieron concluir que en el contexto norteamericano existe un interés significativo por la investigación sobre el aprendizaje, el currículo y la evaluación de las matemáticas en ingeniería, desde enfoques sistêmicos, interdisciplinarios y socioculturales. En contraste, la literatura sobre el tema en Colombia presenta una tendencia al estudio de procesos de enseñanza, desde perspectivas disciplinares y cognitivas de la educación matemática.

This paper presents a systematic review of scientific articles, scoping review type, on mathematics education in engineering programs, in the Colombian and North American environments, during the period 2000 - 2020. The exploration, which arose from the research project "Theoretical and methodological foundations of mathematics education in engineering", followed the protocols of the Joanna Briggs Institute and considered specialized literature included in Scopus and Publindex. The information, classified as "pedagogical experience", "reflection" or "review", allowed describing research and action trends regarding teaching, learning, curriculum and assessment of engineering mathematics. The results allowed concluding that in the North American context there is a significant interest in research on learning, curriculum and assessment of engineering mathematics, from systemic, interdisciplinary and sociocultural approaches. In contrast, the literature on the subject in Colombia presents a tendency to study teaching processes from disciplinary and cognitive perspectives of mathematics education.

Este texto apresenta uma revisão sistemática de artigos científicos, tipo revisão de escopo, sobre educação matemática em programas de engenharia, nos ambientes colombiano e norte-americano, durante o período de 2000 a 2020. A exploração, decorrente do projeto de pesquisa "Fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da educação matemática em engenharia", seguiu os protocolos do Instituto Joanna Briggs e considerou literatura especializada incluída no Scopus e no Publindex. As informações, classificadas como "experiência pedagógica", "reflexão" ou "revisão", permitiram descrever as tendências de pesquisa e ação em relação ao ensino, aprendizagem, currículo e avaliação da matemática de engenharia. Os resultados levaram à conclusão de que no contexto norte-americano há um interesse significativo na pesquisa sobre aprendizagem, currículo e avaliação de matemática de engenharia a partir de abordagens sistêmicas, interdisciplinares e socioculturais. Em contraste, a literatura sobre o assunto na Colômbia mostra uma tendência a estudar os processos de ensino a partir de perspectivas disciplinares e cognitivas da educação matemática.

Novel Therapy for Acquired Tracheomalacia with a Tissue-Engineered Extraluminal Tracheal Splint and Autologous Mesenchymal-Derived Chondrocytes

Abstract Introduction Acquired tracheomalacia (ATM) is characterized by a loss of structural strength of the tracheal framework, resulting in airway collapse during breathing. Near half of the patients undergoing prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation will suffer tracheal lesions. Treatment for ATM includes external splinting with rib grafts, prosthetic materials, and tracheal resection. Failure in the use of prosthetic materials has made reconsidering natural origin scaffolds and tissue engineering as a suitable alternative. Objective To restore adequate airway patency in an ovine model with surgicallyinduced ATM employing a tissue-engineered extraluminal tracheal splint (TE-ETS). Methods In the present prospective pilot study, tracheal rings were partially resected to induce airway collapse in 16 Suffolk sheep (Ovis aries). The TE-ETS was developed with autologous mesenchymal-derived chondrocytes and allogenic decellularized tracheal segments and was implanted above debilitated tracheal rings. The animals were followed-up at 8, 12, and 16 weeks and at 1-year postinsertion. Flexible tracheoscopies were performed at each stage. After sacrifice, a histopathological study of the trachea and the splint were performed. Results The TE-ETS prevented airway collapse for 16 weeks and up to 1-year postinsertion. Tracheoscopies revealed a noncollapsing airway during inspiration. Histopathological analyses showed the organization of mesenchymal-derived chondrocytes in lacunae, the proliferation of blood vessels, and recovery of epithelial tissue subjacent to the splint. Splints without autologous cells did not prevent airway collapse. Conclusion It is possible to treat acquired tracheomalacia with TE-ETS without further surgical removal since it undergoes physiological degradation. The present study supports the development of tissue-engineered tracheal substitutes for airway disease.

GLOBAL WARMING AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FISHERIES INDUSTRY

Several social and environmental factors such as industrialization, deforestation, erosion of toxic pollutants have played dominant role in the increase rate of the global warming. This notion has affected the various segments of the planet. Sectors such as Fishery, Firming, and Agroforestry and Forest management sectors have been facing deleterious realities because of the greenhouse emission from the last few decades. In recent times, scientist has become apprehensive about the fact of reducing the negative effects caused by the global warming. Moreover, several studies have circulated various strategies to mitigate the risk factors of greenhouse effects to protect the future of the planate.

Recent advances of acellular cartilage matrix in cartilage regeneration / 中华骨科杂志

Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease, and cartilage damage is often considered an early factor in irreversible joint degeneration. Repairing damaged cartilage remains a medical challenge due to its limited ability to self-repair and regenerate. In recent years, the application of tissue engineering strategies to treat cartilage defects has been recognized as an emerging therapeutic avenue. Acellular cartilage matrix (ACM) is an ideal material for cartilage repair and regeneration as it retains the extracellular matrix structure and bioactive components of natural cartilage, mimicking the extracellular environment of natural cartilage to the greatest extent. Type II collagen is the main type of hyaline cartilage and plays an important role in regulating the mechanical properties of cartilage tissue. It has been shown that type II collagen, growth factors and the hypoxic microenvironment play important roles in promoting cartilage regeneration. Type II collagen induces cell aggregation and chondrogenic differentiation in a specific way; Various growth factors contained in the ACM induce Sox9 expression and promote chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells; The hypoxic microenvironment upregulates the expression of type II collagen (COL2A1), Sox9 and maintains chondrocyte phenotype. In addition, ACM has been widely used in cartilage regeneration studies, either as a decellularized scaffold, hydrogel or 3D bioprinting technique for the repair of defective cartilage. Although the ACM-derived biomaterials discussed in this paper have many advantages, there are still some difficulties in their practical applications, such as loss of ACM components and reduced scaffold performance, which are still worth exploring in depth.

Research progress in the role of mesenchymal stem cell sheets and their derivatives in bone defect repair / 中华创伤杂志

Bone defects are mostly caused by severe trauma, infection, tumor resection and congenital malformations, which adversely affect their health and quality of life. So far, the bone defects are mainly filled with autologous or allogeneic bone grafting, which has problems such as donor shortage, secondary bone injury and scarring. In recent years, the rise of bone tissue engineering has provided a new way for repair of bone defects, in which mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sheets prepared by using the principle of tissue engineering can well solve the above problems of autologous or allogeneic bone grafting. With the development of preparation technology, new bone defect repair materials such as decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) sheets and MSC/ECM clumps have been derived on the basis of MSC sheets. Therefore, the authors reviewed the preparation and the role of MSC sheets and their derivatives in bone defect repair, hoping to provide a reference for basic research and clinical treatment related to bone defect repair.

Orientation and digital innovation construction of Medical Physics curriculum / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical Physics is an interdiscipline which is formed by applying the basic principles, methods, and techniques of physics to clinical medical research such as prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases, and it is a compulsory professional basic course for medical students. However, there are many medical students reflect that the content of this course is obscure and difficult to understand. Teaching effect is not ideal. The main reasons are that the teaching method is single and the reference materials are few. Based on the actual situation of the course, Hebei Medical University, China promotes formative evaluation from the content of teaching materials, teaching means, and other aspects. At the same time, by combining with the Internet, the digital construction has been realized, deepening the reform of the Medical Physics curriculum, and remarkable results have been achieved.

Countermeasure analysis on the education of large medical imaging equipment metrology for the major of Biomedical Engineering / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the analysis of current situation of the metrological education of large medical imaging equipment in colleges and universities at home, the advantages of major of Biomedical Engineering (BME) and the internal relation with the requirement of personnel training of metrology were systematically investigated. The necessity of carrying out education of large medical imaging equipment metrology for BME students in colleges and universities was elucidated. The specific thoughts and countermeasures were also proposed from curriculum establishment, teaching design, textbook compilation, conditional construction and teaching staff, respectively. The study is hopeful to provide guidance and help for the education of the large medical imaging equipment metrology in colleges and universities.

Application of "Flipped Classroom" in comprehensive experiment teaching of Digital Signal Processing for biomedical engineering specialty / 中华医学教育探索杂志

"Flipped Classroom" is a new kind of "student-centered" teaching model, which can give full play to the advantages of both sides of teaching and learning. According to this teaching model, we redesigned the teaching process, in which the students studied by themselves and built their own knowledge system. Moreover, each of them took part in three stages of experimental design including digital signal collection, analysis and processing in groups. Results have shown that this model can fully stimulate students' learning interest, not only helps students to deepen understanding of digital signal processing theory knowledge, but also strengthen the ability of autonomous learning and team collaboration. The teaching model maybe have certain reference function in comprehensive experiment teaching of Digital Signal Processing course for biomedical engineering specialty.

Research progress of periodontal tissue regeneration by combined biomaterials of dental derived mesenchymal stem cells / 口腔医学

@#The ultimate treatment goal of periodontitis is the structural and functional regeneration of periodontium. However, existing methods for periodontal regeneration have difficulties in regenerating the hierarchical structure. Therefore, stem cell-based tissue engineering has attracted more and more attention for its advantages of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential. This review summarized the progress of research on periodontal tissue regeneration by combined biomaterials of dental-derived stem cells. It is pointed out that the application of autologous stem cell transplantation is limited by the donor source, and the subsequent research should focus on the development of multi-phase scaffold materials and the attempt to establish a stem cell bank.

Pathologically triggered in situ aggregation of nanoparticles for inflammation-targeting amplification and therapeutic potentiation

Uncontrolled and persistent inflammation is closely related to numerous acute and chronic diseases. However, effective targeting delivery systems remain to be developed for precision therapy of inflammatory diseases. Herein we report a novel strategy for engineering inflammation-accumulation nanoparticles via phenolic functionalization. Different phenol-functionalized nanoparticles were first developed, which can undergo in situ aggregation upon triggering by the inflammatory/oxidative microenvironment. Phenolic compound-decorated poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles, in particular tyramine (Tyr)-coated nanoparticles, showed significantly enhanced accumulation at inflammatory sites in mouse models of colitis, acute liver injury, and acute lung injury, mainly resulting from in situ cross-linking and tissue anchoring of nanoparticles triggered by local myeloperoxidase and reactive oxygen species. By combining a cyclodextrin-derived bioactive material with Tyr decoration, a multifunctional nanotherapy (TTN) was further developed, which displayed enhanced cellular uptake, anti-inflammatory activities, and inflammatory tissue accumulation, thereby affording amplified therapeutic effects in mice with colitis or acute liver injury. Moreover, TTN can serve as a bioactive and inflammation-targeting nanoplatform for site-specifically delivering a therapeutic peptide to the inflamed colon post oral administration, leading to considerably potentiated in vivo efficacies. Preliminary studies also revealed good safety of orally delivered TTN. Consequently, Tyr-based functionalization is promising for inflammation targeting amplification and therapeutic potentiation of nanotherapies.

The use of melittin to enhance transgene expression mediated by recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 vectors both in vitro and in vivo / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Melittin, a cell-penetrating peptide, improves the efficiency of many non-viral gene delivery vectors, yet its application in viral vectors has not been well studied. The non-pathogenic recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector is an ideal in vivo gene delivery vector. However, its full potential will only be achieved after improvement of its transduction efficiency. To improve the transduction efficiency of rAAV2 vectors, we attempted to develop a melittin-based rAAV2 vector delivery strategy.@*METHODS@#The melittin peptide was inserted into the rAAV2 capsid either in the loop VIII of all viral proteins (VPs) or at the N terminus of VP2. Various rAAV2-gfp or -fluc vectors were subjected to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays to determine their titers and integrity of capsid proteins, respectively. Alternatively, the vectors based on wild-type capsid were pre-incubated with melittin, followed by transduction of cultured cells or tail vein administration of the mixture to C57BL/6 and BALB/c nude mice. In vivo bioluminescence imaging was performed to evaluate the transgene expression.@*RESULTS@#rAAV2 vectors with melittin peptide inserted in the loop VIII of VPs had low transduction efficiency, probably due to dramatically reduced ability to bind to the target cells. Fusing the melittin peptide at the N-terminus of VP2 produced vectors without the VP2 subunit. Interestingly, among the commonly used rAAV vectors, pre-incubation of rAAV2 and rAAV6 vectors with melittin significantly enhanced their transduction efficiency in HEK293 and Huh7 cells in vitro. Melittin also had the ability to increase the rAAV2-mediated transgene expression in mouse liver in vivo. Mechanistically, melittin did not change the vector-receptor interaction. Moreover, cell counting kit-8 assays of cultured cells and serum transaminase levels indicated melittin had little cytotoxicity.@*CONCLUSION@#Pre-incubation with melittin, but not insertion of melittin into the rAAV2 capsid, significantly enhanced rAAV2-mediated transgene expression. Although further in vivo evaluations are required, this research not only expands the pharmacological potential of melittin, but also provides a new strategy to improve gene therapy mediated by rAAV vectors.

Progress in the application of patch materials in cardiovascular surgery / 中南大学学报(医学版)

The cardiovascular patch, served as artificial graft materials to replace heart or vascular tissue defect, is still playing a key role in cardiovascular surgeries. The defects of traditional cardiovascular patch materials may determine its unsatisfactory long-term effect or fatal complications after surgery. Recent studies on many new materials (such as tissue engineered materials, three-dimensional printed materials, etc) are being developed. Patch materials have been widely used in clinical procedures of cardiovascular surgeries such as angioplasty, cardiac atrioventricular wall or atrioventricular septum repair, and valve replacement. The clinical demand for better cardiovascular patch materials is still urgent. However, the cardiovascular patch materials need to adapt to normal coagulation mechanism and durability, promote short-term endothelialization after surgery, and inhibit long-term postoperative intimal hyperplasia, its research and development process is relatively complicated. Understanding the characteristics of various cardiovascular patch materials and their application in cardiovascular surgeries is important for the selection of new clinical surgical materials and the development of cardiovascular patch materials.

A bibliometric and visualization analysis of stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To analyze the current status, hotspots, and trends in the field of stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering based on bibliometric analysis.@*Methods @# The literature on stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering in animal experiments and clinical studies was searched in the Web of Science core database up to December 31, 2021. The bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature data was carried out by using the "Bibliometrix" package of R language.@*Results @#A total of 304 articles were included, and the number of publications and the citation frequency are increasing. The number of related studies from China ranks first in the world with 166 publications; the institution with the largest number of publications is the Fourth Military Medical University; the author with the largest number of publications is Jin Y; and Tissue Engineering Part A had the most related publications. The hotspots of stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering are mainly focused on tissue engineering and periodontal ligament regeneration, while the frontiers are mainly focused on exosomes, gold nanoparticles, and angiogenesis. @*Conclusion@#Research on stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering continues to expand, and the academic influence is gradually increasing. Future research directions should focus on periodontal ligament regeneration, exosomes, gold nanoparticles and angiogenesis.

Research progress on in vivo models for stem cell-based pulp regeneration / 口腔疾病防治

@#Basic research on pulp regeneration requires in vivo experiments. The PubMed database was searched for in vivo models of stem cell-based pulp regeneration using the following keywords: "pulp regeneration", "stem cell" and "animal model". The retrieved models were classified into ectopic, semiorthotopic and orthotopic regeneration models and their characteristics and clinical values were reviewed. This literature review indicated that the ectopic regeneration model is the most widely used model for the simple steps. However, this model does not accurately capture clinical situations. The semiorthotopic regeneration model, which is an improvement of the ectopic regeneration model, can create a more realistic regeneration environment. The orthotopic regeneration model can simulate clinical procedures that more closely resemble application, but it is less commonly used for difficult operations and long experimental periods. The applicability of the above three animal models depend on the stage of the animal experiment: the ectopic regeneration model is suitable to test the regenerative effect and biocompatibility of the implant complex; the semiorthotopic regeneration model is suitable to more persuasively evaluate the regeneration effect of the implant complex; and the orthotopic regeneration model is suitable to confirm the regeneration effect and practicability of the regenerative implant complex prior to clinical study.

Preparation and Performance of Three-Dimensional Silk FibroinScaffolds with Different Matrix Stiffness / 医用生物力学

Objective After hydrogen bonding between collagen ( COL) and silk fibroin ( SF ) at different concentrations, a composite scaffold with adjustable stiffness was prepared by combining with gel system, and its physical and chemical properties were characterized. Methods SF with different qualities was dissolved in sodium alginate (SA) solution, then COL solution at different concentration and calcium carbonate ( CaCO3 ) powder were added. The hydrogels of SC1, SC2, and SC3 groups were obtained by taking out the mixed solution and adding some gluconic acid lactone ( GDL) powder, and different SF scaffolds were obtained after freeze drying. Results The SF scaffolds with adjustable stiffness were successfully prepared. The compression moduli of SC1, SC2, and SC3 groups were (17. 31±2. 73), (24. 12±1. 81), (32. 54±1. 81) kPa, respectively. The innerstructure of the scaffolds was observed. From SC1 group to SC3 group, pores of the scaffolds were smaller and fewer, and hydrophilicity of the materials become better and better. Conclusions Three-dimensional ( 3D) porous scaffolds with different matrix stiffness can be prepared by changing the concentration of SF and COL solution. The concentration of SF and COL is proportional to the compression modulus, water absorption, water retention and swelling rate of SF scaffolds, while inversely proportional to porosity. The findings of this study are expected to provide theoretical guidance for construction of scaffolds with appropriate matrix stiffness for inducing osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

In vivo transplantation of eye organoids and application of tissue engineering scaffolds / 器官移植

Eye organoid refers to a structure that possesses resembling cell types and functions to intraocular tissues, which is induced by stem cells in vitro. Transplanting it into the body for eye repair and regeneration is one of the key research directions in regenerative medicine, which also provides a novel direction and strategy for the treatment of major blinding diseases. As a carrier of biological tissue or cell growth, tissue engineering scaffold could support in vivo transplantation of eye organoids and promote their maturation. Organic combination of eye organoids and tissue engineering is a critical approach to realize in vivo integration of eye organoids and reconstruct corresponding structures and functions. In this review, the latest research status of eye organoids and in vivo transplantation were summarized, and relevant studies of tissue engineering scaffold-assisted eye organoid transplantation were highlighted, aiming to provide ideas and reference for subsequent inter-disciplinary research of eye organoids and tissue engineering.